Detailed analysis of welding technology

Detailed analysis of welding technology

Welding is essentially the easiest way to connect components with high quality. For DIY masters, it is not enough for light to master the performance and parameters of computer accessories, to properly install hardware and related drivers, and to master computer hardware. However, we must learn to modify the hardware. Therefore, welding technology is quite necessary. The following small series shows you how to master the welding technology.

First, the tool:
First of all, I will tell you about the tools and materials commonly used for soldering. In addition to the soldering irons that you have seen and may not be used, solders, fluxes, wire cutters, multimeters, etc. are all necessary tools. However, considering that you only need to modify the hardware, there are not many technologies to be mastered. Tools or materials that are complicated or basically not used are not mentioned in the small series!
1, electric iron


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The soldering iron is the most commonly used tool in soldering. The function is to convert the electrical energy into heat. The heating part of the solder joint is successful. A big part is how to control it. In general, the greater the power of the soldering iron, the greater the heat and the higher the temperature of the tip. For example, we need 20W internal heating type soldering iron for hardware transformation. If the power is too large, it will burn out the components. Generally, the diode and triode junction temperature will exceed 200 °C and will burn out. It is worth noting that when welding, the time should not be too long or too short, and the time is too long and easy to damage, and the time is too short. The solder can not be melted sufficiently, resulting in the solder joint being not smooth and not strong, and may also produce a virtual solder, which is generally the most appropriate. Must be completed within 1.5 to 4 seconds.

2, solder

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Solder is a fusible metal, the most commonly used is tin wire. The role of solder is to connect the component leads to the printed circuit board. The choice of solder has a large effect on the quality of the solder. The most common type is tin wire. 3, flux

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Flux does not require much explanation, making solder and components better soldered. The most commonly used is rosin.
Also worth mentioning is the suction welder, which is very practical for novices. It is always easy to get the solder everywhere when using the soldering iron for the first time. The suction soldering device can help you dispose of the excess solder on the board. In addition, the attractor is very useful when removing components, it can suck all the solder joints, but it is completely unnecessary for those who can use the soldering iron. The soldering iron can completely replace its function and melt the solder joints. It is easy to remove the components. Second, how to weld components:
Pre-weld treatment:
Pre-weld processing should be performed on the component leads or the solder joints of the board before soldering. |Electronic Foundation|Welding Technology|Electronic Element|Cognition Circuit Diagram|Debugging and Using Instrumentation|Analog Circuit-Computer Repair Knowledge Network

1. Remove the oxide layer from the solder joint
- A small knife can be made from a broken saw blade. The oxide layer on the surface of the metal lead is scraped off to expose the lead to metallic luster.
- The printed circuit board can be glazed with fine roving paper and coated with a layer of rosin alcohol solution. |Electronic Foundation|Welding Technology|Electronic Element|Cognition Circuit Diagram|Debugging and Using Instrumentation|Analog Circuit-Computer Repair Knowledge Network

2. Tin plating of components is tinned on the scraped leads. After the lead is rubbed into the rosin alcohol solution, the tin-coated hot tip is pressed onto the lead and the lead is rotated. The leads are evenly plated with a very thin layer of tin. Before the wire is welded, the insulation skin should be stripped and subjected to the above two treatments before it can be formally welded. If there are wires of multiple strands of wire, they should be screwed together and then tinned. After the pre-weld treatment, the welding can be formally carried out. |Electronic Foundation|Welding Technology|Electronic Element|Cognition Circuit Diagram|Debugging and Using Instrumentation|Analog Circuit-Computer Repair Knowledge Network

(1) Hand-held soldering iron. The left hand holds the component or wire with a needle-nose pliers or tweezers. Before soldering, the soldering iron should be fully preheated. Tin on the tip of the tip, that is, a certain amount of solder.
(2) Place the tip of the soldering iron on the solder joint. The soldering iron is at an angle of approximately 60 ° C to the horizontal. In order to facilitate the flow of molten tin from the soldering iron tip to the solder joint. The time that the tip stays at the solder joint is controlled for 2 to 3 seconds.
(3) Lift the tip. The left hand still holds the component. The tin at the solder joint is cooled and solidified before the left hand can be released.
(4) Turn the lead with tweezers to confirm that it is not loose, and then use the nipper to cut off the excess lead.

2, welding quality

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When welding, ensure that each solder joint is welded firmly and in good contact. To ensure the quality of welding.
(A) should show that the tin point is bright, smooth and burr-free, and the amount of tin is moderate. The tin and the soldered material are fused firmly. There should be no false or false welds.
The virtual soldering is that only a small amount of solder is soldered at the solder joint, resulting in poor contact, and the time is broken. Sham soldering means that the surface seems to be welded, but it is not actually soldered. Sometimes, the lead can be pulled out from the solder joint.
When soldering a circuit board, be sure to control the time. Too long, the board will be burnt or cause the copper foil to fall off. When removing components from the board, the soldering iron tip can be attached to the solder joints. After the tin on the solder joints is melted, the components are pulled out.

Third, how to replace the components:
In fact, the replacement of components can be simple, as mentioned in the small series, it can be easily done with a suction soldering device, and all the solder on the component pins are sucked up. Here is a small flaw, the current circuit board. Most of the work is fine, the solder is used very little, it is difficult to melt, then we can add some solder to the pin and then use the suction welder is much easier. Another method is the above mentioned, directly use the soldering iron to melt the solder, but there is no small risk, both care must be taken that the solder joint is not completely melted, and it is afraid that the contact will burn out the component for too long! Then the common method used by small editors is to use the tweezers to clamp the components outside when heating. When the temperature is reached, the components will be pulled out, but remember not to use too much force, otherwise the pins will be in trouble in the solder. . But for the sake of safety, it is better to use the two methods together, because sometimes the component socket is too small, the suction welding is difficult to be sucked clean, and the suction welding device will be stuck. This is a virtual welding. It can be removed by heating with a soldering iron. Next, changing the components as needed is the same as the step of soldering the components.

Fourth, how to connect nodes:?
A lot of hardware can be modified by changing the connection method, such as 9550 to 9600, especially the Thorton core Athlon XP2000+. You can get the same 512KB L2 cache as the Barton core by connecting the breakpoint on the L2 Golden Bridge. These can be modified for most of the hardware. DIY masters are familiar, but do you want to experiment with them? Xiaobian will tell you how to connect the two nodes.

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In fact, it is very simple, each node is fixed on the circuit board by solder, then we can connect two solder joints. First melt one of the solder joints, and add solder to connect with another solder joint. Generally, the two solder joints of this modification are not far apart, and it is easy to complete. As long as the solder joint is avoided, those can be connected by pencil. There is no need to make a big move to weld. ?

V. Analysis of welding transformation examples:
The following is a detailed illustration of each step in the retrofit of the Radoen 9500 graphics card:

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Step 1: Use a soldering iron to heat the solder joint on the resistor and remove the resistor. Electric + brain * dimension + repair - knowledge. Knowledge _ network (w_ww*dnw_xzs*co_m)

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Step 2: Move the removed resistor to a new location

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The third step: welding, the action should be rapid, otherwise the R300 chip can be lost.

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The fourth step: OK, the welding is completed, then the BIOS is refreshed, and the modified 9500 is done.

Sixth, summary:
Welding is actually not so terrible, perhaps for beginners, the initial test is more difficult to master, and the training is naturally more proficient, then Xiaobian recommends that everyone practice a method, that is, to buy a radio circuit board to practice welding, circuit The board, all the components, and the drawing paper are only about ten yuan together. If you can understand the drawings, you can pick up a good little radio. If you can't read the drawings, you can practice the welding technology quite well. Electric + brain * dimension + repair - knowledge. Knowledge _ network (w_ww*dnw_xzs*co_m)

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In short, for a DIY master, it is a matter of time to master the tricks, but Xiao Bian reminds everyone that it is safe to pay attention to welding, and can not be blindly modified. After all, it is very difficult to repair those once damaged. Then everyone will practice this skill skillfully sooner or later.

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