What are the characteristics of infrared thermal imaging?
A famous American infrared scholar pointed out: "The development of human beings can be divided into three stages. The first stage is the expansion of human physical ability by making tools, and the second stage seeks to be clearer and wider by improving judgment ability The standard of understanding and judging things. In recent years, humans have endeavored to enhance the ability to obtain input information, expand the range of sensations or add new senses, so that our brain can receive more information, which is the third stage of human development. At this stage, the development of infrared technology has increased the human senses from five to six. " With this remark, I think it is appropriate to tell the importance of infrared imaging technology in contemporary times. Because the objects around us can only emit visible light when their temperature is above 1000 ℃. In contrast, all objects around us that have a temperature above absolute zero (-273 ° C) will continuously emit thermal infrared rays. For example, we can calculate that the thermal infrared energy emitted by a normal person is about 100 watts. Therefore, thermal infrared (or thermal radiation) is the most widespread radiation in nature. In addition to the universality of heat radiation, there are two other important characteristics.
1. The atmosphere, smoke clouds, etc. absorb visible light and near infrared rays, but are transparent to thermal infrared rays of 3 to 5 microns and 8 to 14 microns. Therefore, these two bands are called the "atmospheric window" of thermal infrared. Using these two windows, people can clearly observe the situation in front of them in a completely dark night or in a battlefield covered with smoke. It is precisely because of this feature that thermal infrared imaging technology provides advanced night vision equipment for the military and installs all-weather forward-looking systems for aircraft, ships and tanks. These systems played a very important role in the Gulf War.
2. The amount of thermal radiation energy of an object is directly related to the temperature of the surface of the object. This characteristic of thermal radiation allows people to use it to perform non-contact temperature measurement and thermal state analysis on objects, thereby providing an important detection method and diagnostic tool for industrial production, energy saving, environmental protection, etc.
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