The disadvantages of LED lights - blue light pollution

The disadvantages of LED lights - blue light pollution With the development of energy-saving technologies, the drawbacks of incandescent lamps “only 5% of electric energy is used for lighting, and the remaining 95% are all consumed by calories” have become increasingly prominent. In 2007, Australia first announced the complete elimination of incandescent lamps by legislation, and more than a dozen countries and regions have issued incandescent lamp elimination plans...

In China, the sale of incandescent lamps for general lighting of 100 watts or more was also banned in October 2012. At this time, as the main alternative products, the promotion of energy-saving lighting fixtures has already been an initial success, and the first pilot cities including Tianjin have all completed the promotion of energy-saving lamps for four years. Under the background that incandescent lamps have left the scene and energy-saving lamps sing the protagonist, from the overall policy of energy-efficient lighting to the daily impact on the lives of the citizens, the reporter conducted a survey visit.

There are still sporadic sales of incandescent lamps in the survey market

In 2008, China launched the “Green Lighting” project. Urban and rural residents purchased 50% of the energy-saving lamps for successful enterprises and financial subsidies, and large enterprises such as enterprises and public institutions purchased subsidies of 30%. In this context, energy-saving lamps were rapidly promoted throughout the country.

Since 2008, Tianjin has been promoting the use of high-efficiency lighting products for four consecutive years within the city. This year, Tianjin has already completed the promotion of energy-saving lamps and began to promote LED lamps. “About the number of LED lamps that the country has not specifically requested to be promoted in Tianjin this year, Tianjin will be the first pilot city to implement 400,000 to 500,000 LED lights from October 2012 to July 2013. The government subsidizes 30%, mainly for schools. , government agencies, hospitals, merchants, etc." Meng Lei, director of the Tianjin Energy Conservation Association's Resource Environmental Protection Technology Special Committee, said.

The reporter visited several lighting shops in Hedong District and Hexi District of Tianjin and found that although there are not many lighting shops selling incandescent lamps, incandescent lamps of about 100 watts are still available for sale, while incandescent lamps with more than 100 watts are less. The 100W incandescent lamp on the market generally only sells 2 yuan. It is relatively cheap. The same brightness of the energy-saving lamp, the cheapest is also more than 20 yuan.

The owner of a lighting shop told reporters that incandescent lamps still have a certain consumer group, often come across customers looking for. Because it is cheaper and the wattage is higher, the shadow lines are more sexy. In some renovation construction sites, due to technological requirements, most of them are high-wattage incandescent lamps. There are also more residents in the old community and the rural market. Lighting stores will give priority to energy-saving lamps. With regard to the prohibition on sales of incandescent lamps of 100 watts or more from October 1, many businesses have said that they will no longer be able to purchase stocks after they have finished selling them in stock.

When the reporter visited the lighting city, he saw that the existing LED lights on the market had not yet enjoyed the state subsidy policy. The main purchasers were the merchants and the residents themselves had bought less.

It is understood that, in the field of civil lighting in China, the market share of ordinary incandescent lamps is still about 10% to 15%, fluorescent energy-saving lamps exceed 80%, and new LED environmental protection lamps account for about 2% to 3%. Compared with incandescent lamps and fluorescent energy-saving lamps, LED lamps are solid-state light sources, which are more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, but their prices are relatively high. Therefore, they are mainly used in commercial applications. Taking the 60-watt incandescent lamp, 12-watt energy-saving lamp, and 5-watt LED lamp with similar brightness as an example, the 60-watt incandescent lamp costs 2 yuan each, the 12-watt energy-saving lamp has more than 10 yuan each, and the market price of the 5-watt LED lamp exceeds each. 50 yuan. It is reported that with the reduction of production costs and the improvement of production processes, the cost of LED lamps is decreasing by 20% to 30% each year.

Meng Lei introduced: "The second batch of LED lighting promotion work in Tianjin will face ordinary residents and consumers. We will start bidding on the second batch of LED lighting promotion work in the first half of next year."

Although LED lamps are the future development trend of green lighting, due to the high price and low penetration rate, the life span of energy-saving lamps is only a few thousand hours, and there are hidden pollution problems after they are discarded. In the current transitional stage, Tianjin lighting companies seized opportunities and technological innovations to develop a new type of energy-saving lamp between traditional fluorescent energy-saving lamps and LED lamps, becoming a new choice in the transition period. As a high-tech environmental protection enterprise, Tianjin Kangtai Environmental Technology Co., Ltd. independently developed a high-power, high-brightness, low-energy-consumption cold cathode fluorescent lamp, which is widely used in schools, hospitals, shopping malls, and supermarkets in the city. Zhang Yang, director of the company's R&D department and engineer, told the reporter that this kind of cold cathode fluorescent lamp technology is mature, low energy consumption and long life, and can be used as a transitional product of traditional energy-saving lamps and LED lamps. Its life can reach about 50,000 hours, and the market application The effect is good.

Entangled choice of energy-saving lamps or choose LED lights

With regard to how families choose lamps and lanterns, Zhang Yang said that when consumers buy light bulbs and tubes, they can't just listen to businesses propagating one-sidedly, and not the most expensive and the highest technology. For example, table lamps do not recommend the use of LED lights, because the blue light of the LED light source can not be completely filtered, plus the table lamp is close to the eyes, long-term use will instead burn the eyes. LED lights can be used in the living room, dining room and bedroom lamps. The lightness requirements of toilets and kitchens are lower, and waterproof, energy-saving lamps with appropriate wattages can be used. Because the LED light is bright and eye-catching, it is more suitable for flashlights, searchlights or places that require long-time lighting. In general, the LED lamp with the same wattage is about 80% more energy than the incandescent lamp, and the even life is about 8 times longer. The thermal radiation is only 20%.

Currently, some energy-saving lamp products on the market are overpriced under the banner of high technology, some are sold at very low prices, and wattage and quality are not up to the standard. If you choose improperly, there is often a problem of “energy saving is not money saving”. When consumers choose to buy their own products, they must pay attention to the selection of qualified products from regular manufacturers. Do not buy cheap and cheap energy-saving lamps. Another need to pay attention is that the general energy-saving lamps can not be dimmed, and can only be used for ordinary switches, switches with dimming function must choose a dedicated dimmable energy-saving lamps.

The problem of "can't escape" pollution risks

With the advancement of the “green lighting” project of the country, the first batch of energy-saving lamps promoted by China’s financial subsidies have entered the centralized scrapping period. Abandoned energy-saving lamps contain toxic and hazardous elements such as mercury and lead, and are said to be the second largest household waste next to waste batteries. China's huge consumption of energy-saving lamps makes it impossible to ignore the pollution problems of energy-saving lamps.

In the packaging of an energy-saving lamp, it was observed that the toxic and hazardous substances and elements were clearly marked on the folded instructions. It was shown that the energy-saving lamp caps, lamp caps, ballasts, and plastic parts have different levels of lead, mercury, and polybrominated biphenyls. And other toxic and harmful elements.

Relevant studies have shown that mercury used in old energy-saving lamps, especially old-fashioned fluorescent tubes, has an average mercury content of about 0.5 milligrams, which is only enough to cover a ballpoint pen tip. However, if it penetrates into the ground, it will be enough to contaminate about 180 tons of water and the surrounding soil. In addition, after the abandoned energy-saving lamp is broken, the concentration of mercury in the ambient air can be seriously exceeded. Once entering the human body, the central nervous system may be damaged.

LED lights as a replacement for energy-saving lamps, but it is not perfect. “At present, the blue light pollution problem of LED lamps has not been properly solved. It can only be isolated through materials such as lampshades and glass. In the production process of LED lamps, it is necessary to use heavy metals such as arsenic and chromium that are harmful to human body, and a large amount of Non-ferrous metal 'indium', so it is not completely environmentally friendly." An industry source revealed. In addition, the blue light or red light of the LED light also easily causes a certain degree of "light pollution." When the LED lights are lit, the light is concentrated. Eyes can cause damage and affect vision after being exposed to the light for a long time.

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