In the past, drones were mainly used for national defense and policing. However, as the cost of key components continued to decline and the operators gradually introduced affordable and easy-to-maneuver rotorcraft, the drone consumer market has gradually taken shape. The rise of player-level drones has made it easy to obtain aerial image data, and the continuous advancement of technologies such as sensors, image processing, cloud computing and data analysis has made business applications based on small drones a business opportunity. It has attracted relevant hardware and software companies from Europe and the United States to invest in solutions for precision agriculture, film shooting, inspection and monitoring, survey mapping and logistics.
UAV business takeoffAs the cost of key components continues to decline, since 2010, companies such as Parrot and DJI have launched affordable and easy-to-maneuver Rotary Wing to attract interested parties such as flying or aerial photography. The sales volume is quite impressive, driving the drone consumer market to take off.
When the aerial image data becomes easy to obtain, and the technology such as sensor, image processing, cloud computing and data analysis continues to advance, the business opportunities for small UAVs to develop commercial applications are promising, and related companies have already laid out their layouts and The overall cost or efficiency improvement is a requirement to introduce various solutions.
Generally speaking, the civil aviation authorities of various countries have relatively loose control over the use or operation of small unmanned aerial vehicles with a take-off weight of less than 25 kg, which has become the main axis for the commercial development of the current industry.
In the commercial (enterprise application) field, the diversified application types of small UAVs can be summarized as Precision Agriculture, film shooting, InspecTIon & Monitoring, Surveying & Mapping, and logistics. It is used in five categories and is used in different industries such as agriculture, film and television media, oil and gas, insurance, construction, mining and logistics (Figure 1).
Figure 1 Data source for commercial applications of small drones: MIC, June 2016
Commercial is the main force of industrial growthWith the investment of the industry, the improvement of technology and the decline of product prices, small drones are expected to continue to expand their business users and drive market growth. In the long run, their market size has more potential than the player market.
Player-level drones, in addition to giving the average user the thrill of driving the aircraft, "air photography" is their main application mode. The main requirement for the initial introduction of such products into the market is to allow consumers to take photos from an aerial perspective. With the rise of sports cameras, selfies, etc., many recently launched player-level drones combine this concept to make products incarnate. For the user's exclusive aerial photography photographer.
Observing recent product development trends, such as the Ghostdrone 2.0 drone launched by the Chinese mainland operator Ehang at the end of 2015, combined with the Goggles display device, that is, the shooting picture of the drone, which can be displayed in real time in the glasses. The mirror makes the first person perspective more intuitive and appropriate. Furthermore, the glasses device can sense the user's head movements (such as head-up/lower head) and adjust the camera shooting angle (elevation/depression angle) of the drone to further enhance the user experience.
UAV applications are becoming more widespreadSome player-level drone users focus on the pleasure of driving the aircraft, when the glasses-type device is combined with the drone. The user experience that dramatically increases the first-person perspective also makes it more intuitive and intuitive to maneuver drones. Under this circumstance, racing drones with a speed of more than 100 kilometers per hour have begun to rise and form a wave of competition between players.
Agricultural application
UAVs have been used in agriculture for quite some time. In the 1990s, Japan used drones to spray pesticides in rice fields. The main purpose was to save manpower or improve work efficiency. Later, this method also expanded to the United States, Australia, Europe and other agriculture. country. Most of the drones that sprayed pesticides in the early days were helicopter types, and the fixed-wing aircraft and even the rotorcraft that could load and spray pesticides appeared in the aftermarket.
Although spraying pesticides is still an important type of UAV application in agriculture, recent precision agricultural solutions based on image sensing have come out. The main requirement is to grasp the growth of crops and optimize the application (such as pesticides and fertilizers). And so on) to invest in the profit. Such solutions have also begun to be imported into Europe, the United States and other places.
Specifically, several representative solutions are observed. The commonality is that the UAV obtains the image information of the red and near-infrared light in the area to be analyzed, and matches the generated normalized difference VegetaTIon Index (Normalized Difference VegetaTIon Index, NDVI) (which can be a plant health indicator) map software, followed by other algorithms (such as PrecisionHawk and senseFly solutions), to further understand crop growth, or to provide value-added information (such as the AgriboTIx program).
Aerial photography
Shooting images from the air is what is needed for film or news production. Using small drones to shoot, not only saves costs compared to helicopters, but also allows low-altitude flight and flexible operation, achieving unprecedented angles, more creative space, and the captured images can be transmitted in real time, allowing workers to view and confirm the results. . Therefore, small drones are quite popular and welcomed by film and television and news system operators, and make film and television media the main application field of small drones.
Movies such as Sky Fall, The Wolf of Wall Street, and TV episodes such as Game of thrones and Homeland are all shot using small drones. Professional drone photography companies such as Aerial MOB and ASTRAEUS have also been established. In terms of news screen acquisition, the US WFLA TV station has introduced small drones. Others, such as New York TImes, CNN, etc., are testing how to shoot in small drones in densely populated areas.
At present, the leader of small-sized UAVs used in film and television media is DJI Innovation, and its solutions can be divided into: general solutions that require shooting efficiency (such as news production), and high-level solutions that require shooting quality (such as film production). . In terms of high-end solutions, the company allows customers to combine and use their own lenses or photographic equipment to meet their professional shooting needs by providing products such as flight platforms, pan/tilt and airborne heads.
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