The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with the judicial system is gaining momentum, showcasing its potential in two key areas: first, the speed and efficiency AI brings through collaboration with intelligent robots and judges; second, the comprehensive prediction capabilities that assist litigants and participants in making informed pre-judgments.
For instance, consider the case of Gao Mou, who was involved in a traffic accident in a city where four cars collided, resulting in three injuries. After being apprehended, it was found that his blood alcohol content was 243 mg per 100 ml, far exceeding legal limits.
What kind of punishment will Gao face? Once his case reaches the court, an intelligent case handling assistant system will automatically provide the judge with information on similar cases previously decided by the court, including average sentencing durations. The system also outlines the basis for these judgments, offering valuable insights.
This technology isn't limited to courts; many legal AI products already offer similar case predictions. Some even support voice inquiries and identification, enhancing accessibility for the public.
According to Zou Junkun, General Manager of Huayu Yuandian, a legal tech company, "The system can tell you about a judge’s history—such as appeal rates, second-instance returns, the evidence they commonly use, their views on certain cases, and their focus areas." This level of detail helps users understand judicial tendencies.
Although some experts describe this as a “very low level of intelligence,†it marks a significant step toward AI-driven justice. The development of such systems stems from growing demands for judicial efficiency and the advancements in big data and AI technologies.
Policies have also supported this shift. The "People's Court Informationization Five-Year Development Plan (2016-2020)" emphasized building a trial support system based on big data and AI. Similarly, the State Council's "New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan" includes promoting AI applications in evidence collection, case analysis, and document review.
Market players like Huayu Yuandian, the "206 Project" by Shanghai Higher People’s Court, and startups such as Tiantong Law Firm are contributing to this landscape. Internet giants like Tencent are also involved, providing services like online litigation and court sessions.
In Shanghai, the "206 Project" stands out as a model. It uses AI to analyze cases, suggesting similar past rulings and helping judges make more consistent decisions. Guangzhou courts, for example, process thousands of cases daily, relying on AI to extract key details from documents, audio, and texts.
However, challenges remain. Data quality issues, incomplete records, and the need for better machine learning algorithms are ongoing concerns. Experts note that while AI can handle repetitive tasks, it still lacks the ability to fully replace human judgment, especially in complex or emotionally charged cases.
Despite these hurdles, the future of AI in the judiciary looks promising. By improving transparency and reducing litigation through better expectations, AI could eventually lead to more efficient and fairer outcomes. As one expert noted, "AI may not replace judges, but it can certainly enhance their work, making the legal system more accessible and predictable for all."
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