As early as 2003, the Chinese government proposed the “National Semiconductor Lighting Projectâ€. The “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†began, and the country promoted semiconductor lighting as a major project. In August 2012, the State Council issued “Energy Conservation and Emission Reductionâ€. "Planning" (Guo Fa [2012] No. 40) proposed to "actively develop the semiconductor lighting energy-saving industry."
Epitaxial wafers and chips are the upstream core of the LED industry chain. The development of their technologies and products will directly affect the changes in the LED lighting market. At present, China's semiconductor lighting mainstream technology is mostly controlled by developed countries. The key technologies of LED epitaxial wafers and chips are mainly monopolized by a few international large companies, and it is also a weak link in China's LED industry. To this end, the state will use high-power LED epitaxial wafers and chips as key projects such as “Green Lighting Projectâ€, “Semiconductor Lighting Project†and “863†to support projects and encourage development.
Sapphire material
Sapphire is a single crystal of alumina (α-Al2O3), also known as corundum. Sapphire single crystal has high melting point (2040 ° C), high hardness (Mohs hardness 9), stable chemical properties, good electrical insulation, especially excellent infrared transmittance, and can be used in near-infrared window, microwave tube media. Materials, ultrasonic conducting components, delay lines, waveguide laser cavities and precision instrument bearings, balance blades, semiconductor substrate substrates, etc. Sapphire single crystal and its products are widely used in military and civilian applications because of their wide application in the defense industry, aerospace cutting-edge technology research and civil applications. At present, the application field of sapphire window materials has been extended to the civilian field, such as the scanning window of the bar code scanner, the fiber guide camera outer lens of the textile industry, the wear-resistant bearing, the mobile phone panel and the camera lens. It is foreseeable that the demand for sapphire materials will increase rapidly in the future.
Sapphire is increasingly popular with smartphone manufacturers because it is tougher than glass and extremely scratch resistant. The iPhone 4S's fingerprint scanning technology uses sapphire window material, while the iPhone 4's camera also has sapphire mirror protection. Many professionals believe that sapphire camera lenses will become the "standard" components of high-end smartphones in the future.
In order to give full play to the company's existing technological advantages, equipment advantages, technological advantages, market-oriented, enhance product structure, enter the key market of sapphire window materials as soon as possible, and accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, the company plans to use existing LED epitaxial chips. Based on the product, the sapphire window material new product application development was carried out, and the sapphire window material production line with an annual output value of 3.098 billion yuan and the corresponding inspection, auxiliary, power and other supporting facilities were finally built to promote the large-scale production of sapphire window materials to meet domestic demand. External market demand.
The necessity and significance of project construction
LED epitaxial chip
1. Promote the needs of semiconductor lighting applications and localization of LED chips . China is a big country in the manufacture and consumption of traditional lighting products. As a new type of energy-saving and environmental protection technology, semiconductor lighting has become a constraint on the efficiency index and high cost of its core device LED chips. An important factor in the development of this industry in China. The improvement of luminous efficiency depends on the accumulation and progress of LED epitaxial chip technology. The reduction of manufacturing cost depends on the scale of LED chip production and the technical development and cost control capability of upstream supporting industrial chain. For a long time, developed countries represented by Japan occupy the majority of the market share of LED chip production. China's domestic LED chip companies account for a relatively small proportion, and the supporting industry chain technology is weak. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of domestic LED chip technology, the performance of chip products has been greatly improved, and it has been applied in many application fields such as display screen, illumination, backlight, etc., and gradually gained market recognition. The localization rate of LED chips was in 2003. 5%, press
In the 12th Five-Year Plan, the localization rate of semiconductor lighting will increase to over 70% in 2015. As of the end of 2014, the localization rate reached 66%. However, the market penetration rate of semiconductor lighting is still very low. As of the end of 2014, the market penetration rate of LED lighting products is 26%, and it is expected to reach 38% in 2016 (data source LEDinside). . The semiconductor lighting industry will be a leap-forward development stage in the next 3-5 years. Chip manufacturing companies must be fully prepared to cope with the rapid increase in market demand, especially for high-performance and low-cost chip products. After the project is completed and put into production, the production capacity of the company's GaN-based blue and green light chips will be greatly increased, which will promote the localization of LED chips for semiconductor lighting, reduce the production cost of terminal applications, promote the healthy development of the industry, and improve China's autonomy. LED industry chain to enhance the international competitiveness of China's semiconductor lighting industry.
2. The need to enhance the company's market competitiveness. As China is the world's largest producer and exporter of lighting products, China will inevitably be the main gathering area of ​​the semiconductor lighting industry with the LED industry as its core. The LED upstream epitaxial chip industry has high capital and technical requirements, which has become the biggest threshold for entering the industry. In the increasingly fierce market competition in the future, companies with scale and technological advantages will gradually open up the gap with their competitors and become the industry leader.
Huacan Optoelectronics has been ranked second in the LED chip industry since the statistics of the 2011 Industry Association. With the continuous improvement of the company's product quality and popularity, the market's recognition of the company's products has also increased, but compared with Taiwan's Jingdian and other international manufacturers, the technical level has been at the same level, the company still has a large room for improvement. . As the company's customer base continues to expand and customers' demand for the company's products grows, the company's existing planned production capacity can no longer be commensurate with the company's market position. The lack of production capacity not only restricts the further improvement of the company's revenue and profit scale, but also affects the company's market competitiveness to a certain extent. In order to improve scale efficiency, increase customer loyalty, and maintain the company's market leading position, expansion project construction is imperative. Through the construction of the project, the company's production scale will be upgraded to a new level, and market competitiveness will be significantly improved.
(1) The need to save production and market costs
With the rapid development of the LED chip industry, it has gradually turned to the civilian white light market, and the production cost of the chip is getting higher and higher. Since 2014, the 4-inch LED epitaxial wafer has become the mainstream of the market, and the processed wafers are developing in the direction of large size. The Yiwu project is all processed by 4-inch film substrate, which has the advantage of natural processing efficiency, which brings cost advantage. At the same time, it expands production scale, dilutes fixed cost, reduces unit chip cost, and greatly enhances our market competitiveness.
(2) Expand the company's development space and adapt to the needs of the market
With 2013, the LED industry has experienced rapid development, rapid investment, short-term structural excess, and all links in the industry chain of the industry. After competition, the scale of production capacity and market share are gathering to a small number, and the technology is kept advanced, and efforts are being made to reduce costs. Improve the cost-effective, well-managed enterprise. Strong upstream suppliers and downstream customers are also using strategic development vision to select advanced chip manufacturers with advanced technology, good management and low cost as strategic partners for long-term development. The new LED epitaxial chip with an annual output value of 3.012 billion yuan in Yiwu can rapidly expand the scale of product production, make the company's development to a new level, and establish a more effective cooperative relationship with upstream and downstream business partners with international competitive advantages.
(3) Give full play to economies of scale
At present, the company is technically at the same level as Taiwan's best epitaxial chip factory, and has an absolute advantage in cost and product cost performance. However, due to insufficient capacity, it is necessary to further expand production to meet the needs of the future market. Since August 2013, our products have gradually entered the Korean market. These customers were originally purchased from Taiwanese counterparts and are now turning to our company for procurement. But now the production capacity is insufficient and the supply has an impact. In the absence of this market opportunity, the company's development will be seriously affected in this market competition.
Sapphire material
The project construction is in line with the relevant content of the development of new materials industry in the National Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Strategic Emerging Industry Development. The project construction is of great significance for cultivating the leading materials of new materials and realizing the self-sufficiency rate of key new materials.
As a new material for the window, the product of this project will promote the development of related industries, help to break the inherent structural model of the product and promote the sustainable development of the sapphire material industry. At the same time, it can also promote and promote the development of related industries in China, such as The construction of semiconductor microelectronics industry, information display industry, optical communication industry, laser industry, precision machinery industry, watch industry and gemstone industry is very necessary and significant.
The promotion of project technical achievements can greatly enhance the technical level of sapphire window materials, improve the competitiveness of products, and promote the adjustment of industrial structure in the eastern region. It is of great significance for driving technological advancement and technological upgrading of enterprises. After the project is completed, it can be Achieve organic unity of social, economic and environmental benefits.
Market prospect analysis
LED epitaxial chip
1. The project implementation has broad market prospects. The application market of this project is mainly in the fields of lighting, display and backlight.
In the past ten years, the annual growth rate of the global LED market has exceeded 20%. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology and further reduction of costs, the rapid growth of the market will inevitably be promoted, especially in the field of lighting market. According to the National Semiconductor Lighting Engineering R&D and Industry Alliance, in 2015, the global LED chip demand will be equivalent to 2,875,000 pieces/month, which is about 9 times that of 2010. The domestic LED chip demand is equivalent to 2 inches.å‹The epitaxial film will reach 5.55 million pieces/month, about 11 times that of 2010. The demand in China's lighting market is strong, becoming one of the main production and domestic demand markets. In 2013, China's LED market reached US$1.644 billion, due to the capacity and demand market scale. Gradually, in 2014, China's LED market reached US$2.206 billion, a substantial increase of 34%. Among them, Chinese manufacturers mainly supply domestic demand, with a market share of 66%. Taiwanese manufacturers export more to Chinese packaging manufacturers and supply market demand. Up to 34% market share. Therefore, project implementation has a very broad market prospect. Industry experts believe that with the sharp price cuts of LED products in the past two years, more and wider applications will be stimulated, and semiconductor lighting will enter the growth stage, which will surely reproduce explosive high-speed growth.
According to the US Department of Energy, China's mainland is the world's major production base. The production capacity has jumped to the top in the world in 2013, accounting for 27%. In 2014, it increased to 36%. It is expected that in 2016-2019, China's production capacity will be Continue to grow, reaching more than 50% of the world. The lighting markets in Southeast Asia, India and Australia rely heavily on Chinese imports. The proportion of Chinese lighting products imported from these countries is quite high, accounting for about 45%. In 2015, China's LED lighting scale accounted for 21% of the global LED lighting market. In 2016, China will account for 23% of the global LED lighting market. As of 2015, the company's MOCVD machine installed 133 units, ranking second in mainland China, with the advantage of the number of equipment. In the future, the company's epitaxial chips will not only replace imports, but also increase the localization rate, and it will also be able to go to the international market on a larger scale.
According to the research report, the global LED lighting market has gradually increased in 2015-2018. The LED lighting market has reached US$25.7 billion in 2015. The LED lighting penetration rate has reached 31%. In 2018, it will reach US$36.4 billion and the penetration rate will reach 54%. . The LED market share in China's lighting market is also steadily increasing year by year, from 26% in 2014 to 32%, and is expected to reach 38% in 2016. This shows that the LED market has great potential.
2. The project implementation has a good industrial policy and supporting environment for the industrial chain.
(1) Strong support from industrial policy
The project belongs to the industry encouraged by the national “12th Five-Year Plan†national strategic emerging industry development plan. Since the launch of the National Semiconductor Lighting Project in 2003, the state has increased its policy guidance and financial support in the LED industry. It has developed a number of strategic plans that are conducive to industrial development and has introduced a series of incentive policies, such as the 863 Program. The semiconductor lighting products are listed as “key areas and their priority development themesâ€, and the “Ten Cities and Ten Thousand Cities†plan launched by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 21 domestic developed cities such as Shanghai, Shenzhen and Dalian. In particular, with the deepening implementation of the “Twelfth Five-Year Planâ€, local industry-specific industry incentive policies have been introduced one after another. It is more typical that Guangdong Province will adopt more environmentally friendly and energy-saving LEDs from all projects funded by the government in 2012. Semiconductor lighting products replace traditional luminaires. All these industrial policies will further promote the rapid and healthy development of the LED industry and form a favorable peripheral policy environment for the project.
(2) Mature industrial chain supporting system
With the rapid development and extension of the domestic LED industry from the bottom up, the relevant international industrial chain is rapidly moving to mainland China. China has rapidly developed into an important global LED epitaxial chip industry base. At present, China has formed a complete industrial chain from substrate materials, epitaxial growth, chip manufacturing, chip packaging, terminal display devices, lighting fixtures to applications, and formed LED industry clusters mainly in the Yangtze River Delta region and the Pearl River Delta region. The complete industrial cluster provides mature supporting conditions for the implementation of the company's projects.
3. The project has sufficient technical and talent reserves. The company has mastered the core process technology and expanded its production capacity with sufficient technical reserves.
The equipment, raw materials, process principle and production process required for the project construction are basically the same as the production of the company's existing blue and green LED chips, that is, GaN-based high-performance LED epitaxial growth and chip manufacturing. The company has mastered the core process technology required for the project products, and has achieved mass production. The mature and reproducible technology has laid the foundation for project product development. At the same time, the company has sufficient talent reserves to effectively protect the operation of the project. The company has a highly educated and experienced technical R&D team. The core members have many years of experience in the LED industry, and all have international leading level of basic technology research and product development and application capabilities. The company has built an efficient technology-led management model and established a strict quality control system. Strong R&D strength and sufficient talent reserve provide the source of power for project product development. The project management system will transplant the company's mature operational experience. The project members will be composed of the company's first-line personnel in the production, quality and marketing departments to provide sufficient personnel and organizational support for the project operation.
4. Project implementation has a broad customer base
The company's LED chips are of high quality and good stability. The reputation and brand are further recognized by the market, and the customer base will be steadily expanded. This provides a customer base for project implementation and provides conditions for project capacity digestion. In the past two years, the company's lighting market has invested and opened up, and the output of lighting products has accounted for about 50% of the total output.
Sapphire material
Sapphire, commonly known as corundum, is mainly composed of A12O3, a common simple coordination type oxide crystal. Because of its unique crystal structure, excellent mechanical properties, optical properties and chemical stability, it can be used in high temperature environments of 2000 °C.
The sapphire crystal has many excellent properties. The sapphire has a Mohs hardness of 9, second only to diamond, high strength, high thermal conductivity, good thermal shock resistance and chemical stability, high surface smoothness and good dielectric properties. . These properties are inextricably linked to their unique crystal structure. In addition, sapphire has a high optical transmittance in the 3 to 4 m band, and its single crystal has a wide range of light transmission, covering vacuum ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared to mid-infrared and many other bands. These superior properties make the position and role of sapphire in the military and civilian fields increasingly obvious.
The most important sapphire single crystal in the military field is the application of mid-infrared optical port materials and missile fairings. In order to achieve high-precision guidance of missiles, modern warfare requires high requirements for materials in various parts. Large-size infrared optical windows are key components of no-load optoelectronic devices, and their material properties are more demanding. In addition to high infrared transmittance, they also have the mechanical properties required to meet harsh operating conditions, including high surface hardness. , resistance to thermal shock, corrosion, rain erosion, etc. On the one hand, sapphire single crystal has high transmittance in the infrared range, and on the other hand, it has excellent mechanical and physical properties, such as high tensile strength, corrosion resistance, high thermal conductivity and stable mechanical properties. Therefore, this superior comprehensive performance determines that it is particularly suitable for the production of infrared optical windows, the most outstanding performance is the fairing applied to the high Mach missile. So far, in the infrared transmission material, sapphire is an ideal choice for high Mach missile fairings. At present, infrared optical windows and fairings made of sapphire single crystals in the world have been used in military aviation fields in many countries.
In civil applications, sapphire is an important technical crystal, mainly used in substrate materials such as semiconductor lighting, large-scale integrated circuits and superconducting nanostructure films. Since the gallium nitride material itself is difficult to grow a single crystal, it must be grown on a sinking material similar to its structure. Sapphire can be used as a candidate for gallium nitride substrates. In recent years, with the country's emphasis on the promotion and application of LED lighting technology and people's awareness of this advanced environmentally friendly material, the sapphire industry has developed rapidly, and the research and production of large-size, high-quality sapphire crystals has gradually become the most developed. One of the energetic new materials industries.
In order to further expand the application of sapphire substrate, the project unit independently developed the patented sapphire single crystal growth technology and the MCGE multi-purpose single crystal growth furnace for sapphire single crystal equipment. The product quality has reached the international advanced level, and the sapphire is applied to more. Fields, such as the scanning window of bar code scanners, fiber guides for exterior lenses in the textile industry, wear-resistant bearings, mobile phone panels and camera lenses. Due to the continuous improvement of sapphire window material production technology, market penetration and application market expansion, the demand for sapphire materials will increase rapidly, and the market has broad development space.
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