The electronic scale is an advanced weighing device that integrates modern sensor technology, electronics, and computer systems to meet the growing demand for fast, accurate, continuous, and automated weighing in real-life applications. It effectively reduces human error and aligns well with legal metrology management and industrial process control requirements.
The system uses a load cell to detect the weight, which outputs a small millivolt-level voltage signal. This signal is then processed and converted using the HX711, a high-precision 24-bit analog-to-digital converter specifically designed for electronic scales. The HX711 features built-in gain control, ensuring high accuracy and stability. It communicates with the microcontroller via a two-wire serial interface. The microcontroller reads the data, performs calculations, and displays the results on an LCD screen.
A matrix keyboard is used to input the unit price once the weight is measured. The system automatically calculates the total amount and displays it on the screen. The power supply provides stable power to the microcontroller, HX711 circuit, and the sensor.
The microcontroller used is the STC89C52, a popular 8-bit single-chip microcontroller. Its design allows for efficient control and processing of the system's functions.
The LCD display shows the weight, unit price, and total amount. It supports Chinese characters and is controlled by the microcontroller.
The matrix keyboard includes digits 0-9, a decimal point, and five function keys. It uses row and column scanning to detect key presses. When a key is pressed, the corresponding column signal goes low, allowing the system to identify the pressed key.
A sound and light alarm circuit is included to alert users when the weight exceeds the set range. In such cases, the buzzer sounds, and the LED lights up.
The power supply is provided through a USB interface with a 5V output. A PL2303 chip is used for programming and communication.
In the software design, the main program uses a timer to perform weighing every 0.5 seconds. The flowchart outlines the sequence of operations, including the clock interrupt and keyboard scanner routines.
The main program (main.c) includes header files, macro definitions, pin and variable declarations, and several subroutines. These include functions to convert integers to strings, handle zero calibration, and display the weight, unit price, and total amount on the LCD screen.
The code also includes functions for initializing the system, setting up the timer, handling interrupts, and managing user input from the keyboard. It ensures the system operates smoothly, displaying accurate readings and responding to user inputs efficiently.
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