In the configuration software, a target application project generated by configuration occupies a unique physical space (logical space) in the computer hard disk, and can be identified by a unique name, which is called an application program. Multiple application programs can be stored in the same computer. The configuration software can access its configuration content by the name of the application program, open its configuration content for modification or load its application program into the computer's memory for real-time operation.
There are multiple standards for the configuration of the configuration software. Here, we discuss the system structure by using the software working stage and the members of the software system to form two standards.
1. Structure division of configuration software
1. Divided by the working phase of using the software
It can also be said that it is divided according to the system environment. Generally speaking, the configuration software is composed of two parts:
System development environment: It is the working environment that automation engineering design engineers must rely on in order to implement their control schemes and perform system generation of application programs with the support of configuration software. Through the establishment of a series of user data files, the final graphical target application system is generated for use by the system operating environment.
The system development environment consists of several configuration programs, such as graphical interface configuration program, real-time database configuration program, etc.
System operating environment: In the system operating environment, the target application is loaded into the computer's memory and put into real-time operation. The system operating environment consists of several operating programs, such as graphical interface operating programs, real-time database operating programs, etc.
The configuration software supports online configuration technology, that is, you can directly enter the configuration environment and modify the configuration without exiting the system operating environment, so that the modified configuration takes effect directly.
Automation engineering design engineers must first contact the system development environment. Through a certain amount of system configuration and debugging, the target application will be put into real-time operation in the system operating environment to complete an engineering project.
2. By membership
Because the configuration software is powerful, and each function is relatively independent, its composition is an integrated software platform, which is composed of several program components.
The necessary typical components include:
Application manager
The application manager is a special management tool that provides functions such as search, backup, decompression, and creation of new applications. When an automation engineering design engineer applies configuration software for engineering design, he often encounters the following annoyances: often need to back up configuration data; often need to refer to some configuration results (such as pictures) in previous successful application projects; often You need to quickly understand which applications are saved on your computer. Although these requirements can be achieved manually, they are inefficient and highly error-prone. With the support of the application manager, these operations will become very simple.
Graphical interface development program
It is the development environment that the automation engineering design engineer relies on in order to implement its control plan, and the graphical system generation work is supported by the graphical editing tools. Through the establishment of a series of user data files, the final graphics target application system is generated for the graphics runtime environment to use.
Graphical interface running program
In the system operating environment, the graphical target application system is loaded into the computer memory by the graphical interface running program and put into real-time operation.
The configuration software of the real-time database system configuration program only adds a simple data management function in the graphical development environment, so it does not have a complete real-time database system. At present, more advanced configuration software has independent real-time database components to improve the real-time performance of the system and enhance processing capabilities. The real-time database system configuration program is a configuration tool for building a real-time database, which can define the structure, data source, data connection, data type, and related parameters of the real-time database.
Running program of real-time database system
In the system operating environment, the target real-time database and its application system are loaded into the computer memory by the real-time database system running program and perform various scheduled data calculation and data processing tasks. Historical data query, retrieval, and alarm management are all completed in the running program of the real-time database system.
I / O driver
It is an indispensable part in the configuration software, used to communicate with I / O devices and exchange data with each other. DDE and OPC Client are two general standard I / O drivers used to support DDE and OPC I / O device communication. The DDE driver of most configuration software is integrated in the real-time database system or graphics system, while the OPC Client mostly exists alone.
Optional components for expansion include:
Universal database interface (ODBC interface) configuration program
The universal database interface component is used to complete the interconnection between the real-time database of the configuration software and the universal database (such as Oracle, Sybase, Foxpro, DB2, Infomix, SQL Server, etc.) to achieve two-way data exchange. The universal database can read real-time data and also Historical data can be read; the real-time database can also read data in real time from the general database. The Universal Database Interface (ODBC Interface) configuration environment is used to specify the database structure, field names and attributes, time period, sampling period, correspondence between fields and real-time database data of the universal database to be exchanged.
Universal database interface (ODBC interface) running program
The configured universal database connection is loaded into the computer's memory, and the data connection between the universal database and the real-time database is established for the specified time period according to the configured database structure for the specified time period.
Strategy (control scheme) editing configuration program
Strategy editing / generating components
It is a core software that realizes low-cost monitoring centered on PC, with strong logic, arithmetic operation ability and rich control algorithms. The strategy editing / generating component provides users with a standard programming environment based on the IEC-1131-3 standard. There are four programming methods: ladder diagram, structured programming language, instruction mnemonic, and modular function block. Users are generally accustomed to using modular function blocks to configure according to the control scheme. After the end, the system will save the configuration content and perform syntax check and compilation of the configuration content.
The compiled target strategy code can be run on the same computer as the graphical interface, or it can be downloaded to the target device (such as PC / 104, Windows CE system and other PC-Based devices) to run.
Strategy running program
The configured strategy target system is loaded into the computer memory and executes various scheduled data calculation and data processing tasks, and at the same time completes the data exchange with the real-time database.
Practical communication program components
The practical communication program greatly enhances the function of the configuration software and can realize data exchange with third-party programs, which is one of the main manifestations of the value of the configuration software. The communication utility has the following functions:
1. Double redundant hot standby of operation station can be realized;
2. Realize remote access and transmission of data;
3. Communication utility can use Ethernet, RS485, RS232, PSTN and other communication media or network to realize its function. Practical communication program components can be divided into two types: Server and Client. Server is the data provider and Client is the data accessor. Once the connection between Server and Client is established, the two-way transmission of data can be achieved between the two.
There are multiple standards for the configuration of the configuration software. Here, we discuss the system structure by using the software working stage and the members of the software system to form two standards.
1. Structure division of configuration software
1. Divided by the working phase of using the software
It can also be said that it is divided according to the system environment. Generally speaking, the configuration software is composed of two parts:
System development environment: It is the working environment that automation engineering design engineers must rely on in order to implement their control schemes and perform system generation of application programs with the support of configuration software. Through the establishment of a series of user data files, the final graphical target application system is generated for use by the system operating environment.
The system development environment consists of several configuration programs, such as graphical interface configuration program, real-time database configuration program, etc.
System operating environment: In the system operating environment, the target application is loaded into the computer's memory and put into real-time operation. The system operating environment consists of several operating programs, such as graphical interface operating programs, real-time database operating programs, etc.
The configuration software supports online configuration technology, that is, you can directly enter the configuration environment and modify the configuration without exiting the system operating environment, so that the modified configuration takes effect directly.
Automation engineering design engineers must first contact the system development environment. Through a certain amount of system configuration and debugging, the target application will be put into real-time operation in the system operating environment to complete an engineering project.
2. By membership
Because the configuration software is powerful, and each function is relatively independent, its composition is an integrated software platform, which is composed of several program components.
The necessary typical components include:
Application manager
The application manager is a special management tool that provides functions such as search, backup, decompression, and creation of new applications. When an automation engineering design engineer applies configuration software for engineering design, he often encounters the following annoyances: often need to back up configuration data; often need to refer to some configuration results (such as pictures) in previous successful application projects; often You need to quickly understand which applications are saved on your computer. Although these requirements can be achieved manually, they are inefficient and highly error-prone. With the support of the application manager, these operations will become very simple.
Graphical interface development program
It is the development environment that the automation engineering design engineer relies on in order to implement its control plan, and the graphical system generation work is supported by the graphical editing tools. Through the establishment of a series of user data files, the final graphics target application system is generated for the graphics runtime environment to use.
Graphical interface running program
In the system operating environment, the graphical target application system is loaded into the computer memory by the graphical interface running program and put into real-time operation.
The configuration software of the real-time database system configuration program only adds a simple data management function in the graphical development environment, so it does not have a complete real-time database system. At present, more advanced configuration software has independent real-time database components to improve the real-time performance of the system and enhance processing capabilities. The real-time database system configuration program is a configuration tool for building a real-time database, which can define the structure, data source, data connection, data type, and related parameters of the real-time database.
Running program of real-time database system
In the system operating environment, the target real-time database and its application system are loaded into the computer memory by the real-time database system running program and perform various scheduled data calculation and data processing tasks. Historical data query, retrieval, and alarm management are all completed in the running program of the real-time database system.
I / O driver
It is an indispensable part in the configuration software, used to communicate with I / O devices and exchange data with each other. DDE and OPC Client are two general standard I / O drivers used to support DDE and OPC I / O device communication. The DDE driver of most configuration software is integrated in the real-time database system or graphics system, while the OPC Client mostly exists alone.
Optional components for expansion include:
Universal database interface (ODBC interface) configuration program
The universal database interface component is used to complete the interconnection between the real-time database of the configuration software and the universal database (such as Oracle, Sybase, Foxpro, DB2, Infomix, SQL Server, etc.) to achieve two-way data exchange. The universal database can read real-time data and also Historical data can be read; the real-time database can also read data in real time from the general database. The Universal Database Interface (ODBC Interface) configuration environment is used to specify the database structure, field names and attributes, time period, sampling period, correspondence between fields and real-time database data of the universal database to be exchanged.
Universal database interface (ODBC interface) running program
The configured universal database connection is loaded into the computer's memory, and the data connection between the universal database and the real-time database is established for the specified time period according to the configured database structure for the specified time period.
Strategy (control scheme) editing configuration program
Strategy editing / generating components
It is a core software that realizes low-cost monitoring centered on PC, with strong logic, arithmetic operation ability and rich control algorithms. The strategy editing / generating component provides users with a standard programming environment based on the IEC-1131-3 standard. There are four programming methods: ladder diagram, structured programming language, instruction mnemonic, and modular function block. Users are generally accustomed to using modular function blocks to configure according to the control scheme. After the end, the system will save the configuration content and perform syntax check and compilation of the configuration content.
The compiled target strategy code can be run on the same computer as the graphical interface, or it can be downloaded to the target device (such as PC / 104, Windows CE system and other PC-Based devices) to run.
Strategy running program
The configured strategy target system is loaded into the computer memory and executes various scheduled data calculation and data processing tasks, and at the same time completes the data exchange with the real-time database.
Practical communication program components
The practical communication program greatly enhances the function of the configuration software and can realize data exchange with third-party programs, which is one of the main manifestations of the value of the configuration software. The communication utility has the following functions:
1. Double redundant hot standby of operation station can be realized;
2. Realize remote access and transmission of data;
3. Communication utility can use Ethernet, RS485, RS232, PSTN and other communication media or network to realize its function. Practical communication program components can be divided into two types: Server and Client. Server is the data provider and Client is the data accessor. Once the connection between Server and Client is established, the two-way transmission of data can be achieved between the two.
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