In the past, there was a German folklore tale titled "Cold Heart," which told the story of a kind-hearted Peter who was transformed into a stone-hearted individual by the devil "Dutch ghost." From that moment on, he became cold and merciless. While this is just a fairy tale, it raises an interesting question: Can a person truly change their heart—literally or metaphorically?
In modern times, scientists are actively exploring the concept of a "false heart" through the development of artificial hearts, aiming to save the lives of patients with severe heart conditions. This field has seen remarkable progress over the years.
Dr. Robert Jarvik, a pioneer in artificial heart technology, developed the Jarvik-7 model at the University of Utah. His invention received widespread recognition from the medical community. The Jarvik-7 was made using materials like polyurethane and aluminum, and it featured two chambers—one to replace the left ventricle and the other the right ventricle. Each chamber had a catheter connected to the outside of the body, allowing air to be pumped in or out. This movement caused a diaphragm inside the chamber to shift, mimicking the natural pumping action of the human heart and maintaining blood circulation.
The Jarvik-7 underwent extensive animal testing and functioned reliably for 221 days in a calf's chest. In September 1981, it received approval for use in humans. On December 1, 1982, a 61-year-old retired dentist named Barney Clark from Salt Lake City, Utah, underwent surgery to implant the first Jarvik-7 artificial heart. The operation lasted seven and a half hours, and the device worked successfully. With the help of an external air compressor, Clark lived for 112 days before passing away due to a valve failure. Still, this marked the first successful use of an artificial heart in a human.
On November 25, 1984, the Jarvik-7 was used again, this time on a 52-year-old patient named William Schroeder. He survived for 622 days with the artificial heart, further proving its potential.
Today, research into artificial hearts continues to advance rapidly. While the Jarvik-7 was groundbreaking, many other models have since been developed, each improving upon previous designs. Artificial hearts have already saved countless lives, and although challenges remain, the future looks promising. Ongoing innovations in materials, biocompatibility, and miniaturization are paving the way for more durable and efficient devices. As technology progresses, artificial hearts may one day become a standard treatment for those suffering from heart failure, offering hope and a second chance at life.
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