It is no exaggeration to describe today's cars as electronic products, and some people predict that they will accelerate their electronicization in the three areas of safety, environmental protection and information technology. This trend will certainly only accelerate in the future and may not be stagnant. Because auto manufacturers have long proposed an accelerated approach to electronicization in the three areas of safety, environmental protection and information technology. And the most important thing to watch is the "safety" field. The focus of automotive safety technology is shifting from passive safety to active safety, especially for sensors that detect obstacles in advance.
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Advances in information processing technology and the rapid development of microprocessors and computer technologies also require corresponding advances in sensor development. Microprocessors are now widely used in measurement and control systems. As these systems become more powerful, the role of sensors is becoming increasingly important as a front-end unit for information acquisition systems. Sensors have become a key component in automation systems and robotics, and their importance has become more and more apparent as a structural component of the system.
In the broadest sense, a sensor is a device that senses external information and converts it into usable signals according to certain rules; simply speaking, a sensor is a device that converts physical or chemical quantities into electrical signals that are easy to use. Therefore, it consists of two parts: a sensitive component (a sensing component) and a switching device. Some semiconductor sensitive components can directly output an electrical signal, which itself constitutes a sensor. The sensor is an integral part of the sensor system and is the first pass for the input of the measured signal.
German and Russian scholars believe that the sensor should be composed of two parts, that is, the part of the sensitive component that directly senses the signal being measured and the circuit part that initially processes the signal. In this understanding, the sensor also contains the circuit portion of the signal shaper. The performance of a sensor system depends primarily on the sensor, which converts some form of energy into another form of energy.
The function of the sensor is often compared to the five major sensory organs of humans:
Photosensitive sensor - vision
Sound sensitive sensor - hearing
Gas sensor - smell
Chemical sensor - taste
Pressure sensitive, temperature sensitive, fluid sensor - touch
Compared with contemporary sensors, humans have much better sensory abilities, but some sensors have superior sensory functions. For example, humans do not have the ability to perceive ultraviolet or infrared radiation, and do not feel electromagnetic fields, colorless and odorless gases. With the widespread use of image sensors (ImageSensor; IS), it will further reduce the visual dead angle, which will be more secure for the driver. Therefore, some experts speculate that the automotive image sensor market will flourish. As early as 2004, in the US military's Feilujie street fighting, the application of detecting enemy sniper technology included on-board acoustic sensors. In order to accurately and promptly and quickly detect and eliminate snipers, the security of the offensive party is guaranteed. The vehicle-mounted enemy sniper sound level meter is a combination of an acoustic sensor and a remote weapon station. When the Iraqi anti-American armed sniper finished the gun and had not had time to move to the next position, it was found and killed by the sniper sound meter. In addition, gas sensors, chemical sensors, pressure sensitive, temperature sensitive, fluid sensors are currently less used in automotive electronics applications, but automotive electronics concerns automotive safety, as long as needed, these sensors can be tried.
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