Intel CPU core

Tualatin
This is also the famous "Tualatin" core, Intel's last CPU core on the Socket 370 architecture, using 0.13um manufacturing process, packaging using FC-PGA2 and PPGA, the core voltage is reduced to about 1.5V, the main The frequency range is from 1GHz to 1.4GHz, the FSB is 100MHz (Celeron) and 133MHz (Pentium III), the secondary cache is 512KB (Pentium III-S) and 256KB (Pentium III and Celeron), which is the strongest Socket 370 core, its performance even more than the early low-frequency Pentium 4 series CPU.

Willamette
This is the core of the early Pentium 4 and P4 Celeron, initially using the Socket 423 interface, and later using the Socket 478 interface (Celion only 1.7GHz and 1.8GHz are Socket 478 interface), using 0.18um manufacturing process The front-side bus frequency is 400MHz, and the main frequency range is from 1.3GHz to 2.0GHz (Socket 423) and 1.6GHz to 2.0GHz (Socket 478), and the second-level cache is 256KB (Pentium 4) and 128KB (Celeron), respectively. In addition, there are some models of Socket 423 Pentium 4 actually no secondary cache! The core voltage is about 1.75V, and the package method uses Socket 423 PPGA INT2, PPGA INT3, OPI 423-pin, PPGA FC-PGA2 and Socket 478 PPGA FC-PGA2 and Celeron PPGA and so on. Willamette's core manufacturing process is backward, with a large amount of heat and low performance. It has been eliminated and replaced by Northwood Core.

Northwood
This is the core of the current mainstream Pentium 4 and Celeron, and its biggest improvement with the Willamette core is to use 0.13um manufacturing process, and all use Socket 478 interface, the core voltage is about 1.5V, and the secondary cache is 128KB respectively ( Celeron) and 512KB (Pentium 4), the front-side bus frequency is 400/533/800MHz (Celeron only 400MHz), the main frequency range is 2.0GHz to 2.8GHz (Celeron), 1.6GHz to 2.6GHz (400MHz FSB Pentium 4), 2.26GHz to 3.06GHz (533MHz FSB Pentium 4) and 2.4GHz to 3.4GHz (800MHz FSB Pentium 4), and 3.06GHz Pentium 4 and all 800MHz Pentium 4 support Hyper-Threading Technology (Hyper-Threading Technology) ), PPGA FC-PGA2 and PPGA are used for packaging. According to Intel's plan, the Northwood core will soon be replaced by the Prescott core.

Prescott
This is the core of the current high-end Pentium 4 EE, the mainstream Pentium 4 and the low-end Celeron D. The biggest difference between the Prescott core and the Northwood core is the adoption of the 90nm manufacturing process, the L1 data cache has been increased from 8KB to 16KB, the pipeline structure has been increased from 20 to 31, and the SSE3 instruction set has begun to be supported. The Prescott core CPU initially used the Socket 478 interface. Now it is basically all transferred to the Socket 775 interface with a core voltage of 1.25-1.525V. In terms of front-side bus frequency, Celeron D is all 533MHz FSB, and Other than Celeron D other CPU is 533MHz (not support Hyper-Threading Technology) and 800MHz (support Hyper-Threading Technology) and the highest 1066MHz (support Hyper-Threading Technology). The L2 cache is 256KB (Celeron D), 1MB (Pentium 4 with Socket 478 and Pentium 4 5XX with Socket 775) and 2MB (Pentium 4 6XX series and Pentium 4 EE). The package uses PPGA (Socket 478) and PLGA (Socket 775). Since the launch of the Prescott core, it has continuously improved and developed. It has joined the Execute Disable Bit (EDB), Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology (EIST), and Virtualization Technology (Intel VT). 64-bit technology EM64T and so on, secondary cache also increased from the initial 1MB to 2MB. According to Intel's plan, the Prescott core will be replaced by the Cedar Mill core.

Smithfield
This is the core type of Intel's first dual-core processor. Basically it can be considered that the Smithfield core is a simple product that loosely couples the two Prescott cores. This is a loosely coupled coupling scheme based on independent caches. The advantage is that the technology is simple and the disadvantage is that the performance is not ideal. At present, the Pentium D 8XX series and the Pentium EE 8XX series adopt this core. For details on Smithfield, see Intel Dual Core Types

Cedar Mill
This is the core of the Pentium 4 6X1 series and the Celeron D 3X2/3X6 series, which emerged from the end of 2005. Its biggest difference with the Prescott core is the use of 65nm manufacturing process, other aspects are not changed, basically can be considered to be the Prescott core 65nm process version. Cedar Mill core uses Socket 775 interface, core voltage is about 1.3V, and PLGA is used for packaging. Among them, Pentium 4 is all 800MHz FSB, 2MB L2 cache, all support Hyper-Threading Technology, hardware anti-virus technology EDB, energy-saving power-saving technology EIST and 64-bit technology EM64T; and Celeron D is 533MHz FSB, 512KB L2 cache , Support hardware anti-virus technology EDB and 64-bit technology EM64T, does not support Hyper-Threading Technology and energy-saving power-saving technology EIST. The Cedar Mill core is also the core type of Intel processor's last single-core processor on the NetBurst architecture. According to Intel's plan, the Cedar Mill core will be gradually replaced by Core architecture's Conroe core.

Presler
This is the core of the Pentium D 9XX and Pentium EE 9XX, which was also introduced in late 2005. Basically, the Presler core can be considered as a simple product that loosely couples two Cedar Mill cores together. It is a loosely coupled solution based on independent caches. Its advantages are simple technology, and its disadvantage is its unsatisfactory performance.

Yonah
The dual-core Core Duo and single-core Core Solo that currently use the Yonah core CPU are also used by the Celeron M, which was launched in early 2006 by Intel. This is a core type of single- or dual-core processor. Its application features are very flexible. It can be used for both desktop and mobile platforms. It can be used for dual-core and single-core applications. core. The Yonah core is derived from the excellent architecture of the famous Pentium M processor on the mobile platform. It has the advantages of fewer pipeline stages, high execution efficiency, powerful performance, and low power consumption. The Yonah core uses a 65nm manufacturing process, and the interface type is an improved version of the Socket 478 interface (not compatible with previous desktop Socket 478). The Yonah core supports hardware anti-virus technology EDB and energy-saving power-saving technology EIST, but its biggest regret is that it does not support 64-bit technology, just a 32-bit processor. It is worth noting that Core Duo's Yonah core uses two cores to share 2MB of L2 cache. The shared L2 cache cooperates with Intel's "Smart cache" shared cache technology to achieve true cache data synchronization, greatly reducing data delay and reducing the occupancy of the front-side bus. The core of Yonah is the tight coupling scheme of shared cache. Its advantage is that its performance is ideal, and the disadvantage is that the technology is more complex.