What is quantum dot technology? What are the advantages and disadvantages of quantum dots?

Samsung recently acquired QD Vision, a Massachusetts-based company. Although this company is not well known to the general public, its progress in quantum dot technology can be said to be the industry leader. In this way, you can immediately understand the purpose of Samsung, which is consistent with Samsung's big goal in the TV field.

For the popularization and promotion of quantum dot technology, Samsung definitely spared no effort. Earlier this year, Samsung promised to use quantum dot technology for all 14 SUHD TVs introduced in 2016. Samsung attaches great importance to the development of this series of related technologies. It has even said that it will skip the popular OLED TV concept and enter the QLED era. The latter will also use quantum dots.

Nowadays it is an era when various technologies are beginning to mature. This is particularly evident in the TV market. In addition, manufacturers are eager to publicize those “unclear” technical concepts for advocacy after entering 2016. People find that they are faced with a slang term. 4K and HDR technology as a major trend, we all understand. LG is now pushing OLEDs. However, various concepts that people do not understand are still emerging.

It is understood that after the QD Vision company is acquired, the entire team will join Samsung's R&D department to study the development of quantum dot LED screens. So, what kind of technology is Quantum Dot, and is it worth investing in Samsung?

What is Quantum Dot Technology?

The first thing to be clear is that existing TVs using quantum dot technology are essentially the same as LCD TVs. One of the biggest features of OLED TVs is their self-illumination, so it does not require a backlight panel. Quantum dot TVs, like LCD TVs, also require backlight panels. Therefore, it has the same advantages and disadvantages as LCD TVs in some places.

But when we talk about the color of the backlight, the difference comes. The backlight of most LCD TVs uses white light, but Quantum TV uses Blu-ray. Although they are all actually using blue LEDs, ordinary LCD TVs will also be coated with a yellow fluorescent layer to make the light appear white. Quantum-dot TVs use blue backlighting, while quantum dots emit green or red light. When blue light shines on these quantum dots, it emits such intense light.

Interestingly, the color of a quantum dot is determined by its size. The quantum dots that emit red light are larger, roughly equal to the diameter of 50 atoms; the quantum dots that emit green light are small and roughly equal to 30 atoms. These are true colored lights and have very high purity. Therefore, compared with the traditional LCD TVs, the picture colors they present will be more full and more vivid. In contrast, the white light used in LCD TVs, because of too wide a spectrum, can “contaminate” the picture and it is difficult to obtain full and accurate colors.

The advantages and disadvantages of quantum dots

The advantages of quantum dots, as mentioned above, first of all are its very accurate color rendering. The color of the light emitted by a quantum dot is closely related to its size, so it can be adjusted more precisely. This means that the color will be more pure and accurate, and the white will look cleaner.

Another point is that Quantum TV has a higher brightness. It was also mentioned that quantum dots emit intense red and green light when exposed to blue light. QW Vision’s chief marketing officer, John Walkerman, explained that blue is a very important and most energy-intensive part of the spectrum, much stronger than red and green. Refraction of high-energy light to a lower energy state produces much better red and green colors, and vice versa, it is just as difficult as pushing rocks up the mountain.

There are already some quantum dots technology on mobile devices, such as Amazon's Kindle Fire HDX 7 and HDX 8.9, and ASUS ZenBook NX500. Quantum dot technology is more efficient and therefore more energy-efficient than a typical LCD screen.

In addition, for manufacturers, the highly similar processing of quantum dot technology and traditional LCD technology also means that the original production line does not have to completely cut down the training, which is also a key to cost savings.

We have just said that the excessive sub-dot screen is also an LCD screen, so the former also has some shortcomings. The former also has its own drawbacks, especially the edge light leakage problem. On devices using quantum dot technology, you may notice blue light leaking from the edge. This is in fact a reason for devices that leak white light.

What about OLED?

Although quantum dot technology is much better than traditional LCD technology, it and OLED do not necessarily win. We said that OLEDs have pixel self-luminous properties, so when the pixels are turned off, we can see the darkest black. This very high contrast, still requires backlighting technology is difficult to match.

Energy consumption, OLED seems to have quite an advantage. It is also the self-luminous nature of pixels, which is more energy-efficient than the devices that need backlighting at all times, which is also a matter of course.

Some people in the industry believe that quantum dot technology should not be considered as a brand-new technology, but an improvement. It is based on highly mature LCD technology. The cost and difficulty of implementation should theoretically be better than that of existing OLED TVs. However, driven by the increasing demand, the continuous progress of OLED technology can not be underestimated.

Now that Samsung is taking another path, it has developed the so-called QLED technology. The QLED technology is a more advanced application of quantum dots. It directly drives the quantum dots by electric driving, and then produces images by color mixing. In this way, neither the liquid crystal nor the backlight panel are needed. From this point of view, QLEDs are similar to OLEDs. This is the wonder of science.

Samsung said that OLED TVs have low production yields and blue pixels can easily erode the problem of limited lifetime. Therefore, it decided to skip OLEDs directly into QLEDs that combine the advantages of LCDs and OLEDs theoretically. However, there are many technical concepts in the TV market. It is also a difficult matter to judge.

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